2.B Respiratory conditions
A short summary in PICUlearn's own words. The original wording is in the publisher's document.
- 2.B.1 ARDS
- 2.B.2 Upper airway disease
- 2.B.3 Lower airway and lung disease
- 2.B.4 Pulmonary vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension
- 2.B.5 Gas exchange problems and blood gas interpretation
- 2.B.6 Other respiratory problems, including diaphragm and breathing control
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Course modules
Videos
- Prone Positioning for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)Rush University System for HealthVideo
- Primer On Use Of High Flow Nasal Cannula For Pediatric BronchiolitisThe Center for Medical EducationVideo
- Epiglottitis, Croup, Bronchiolitis - Pediatric Nursing - Respiratory Disorders | @LevelUpRNLevel Up RNVideo
- Lung Recruitment and prone positioning in pediatric ventilationWFPICCSVideo
- Asthma - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathologyOsmosis from ElsevierVideo
- Prone Positioning in ARDS: Why, When, and How It Saves LivesThe Critical Care PractitionerVideo
- Asthma - Pediatric Nursing - Respiratory Disorders | @LevelUpRNLevel Up RNVideo
- Pediatrics | Nelson Based Teaching | Acute bronchiolitis | RaaonlineRaaonline.co.inVideo
- Managing Bronchiolitis & Asthma in Community Hospitals Pending Transfer to Tertiary Critical CareThe Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids)Video
- Asthma by G. Wolf | OPENPediatricsOPENPediatricsVideo
- Why Prone Positioning Failed in Children | The Curley Trial Explained in 90 SecondsPICU ReviewVideo
- What is the role of prone positioning in pediatric ARDS? Dr Martin KneyberAll about newborn care!Video
- Asthma by J. Pian, L. Chiel, L. Rubin, A. Erickson | OPENPediatricsOPENPediatricsVideo
- Introduction to Mechanical Ventilation by G. Wolf | OPENPediatricsOPENPediatricsVideo
- PEEP, recruitment and proning: Opening the lung without bursting itWFPICCSVideo
- Pediatric Airway EmergencieAnesthesia SDVideo
- Understanding BronchiolitisZero To FinalsVideo
- Bronchiolitis by A. Growdon | OPENPediatricsOPENPediatricsVideo
- Beyond Tidal Volume: Driving Pressure and Lung Protective Ventilation in PICUWFPICCSVideo
- Breath by breath: the real science of gas exchangeWFPICCSVideo
- Bronchiolitis (causes, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, treatment)Armando HasudunganVideo
- When blood meets air: VQ matching & shunt mysteriesWFPICCSVideo
- PARDS: Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Ep05 | Peds Critical Care BoardsAPPNA Pediatrics Video
- Bronchiolitis - Paediatric Emergencies 2024Paediatric EmergenciesVideo
- Setting the Ventilator in pARDS: The First Six HoursWFPICCSVideo
- Pediatric Asthma – Pediatrics | LecturioLecturio MedicalVideo
Guidelines and evidence
- Impact of the francophone pediatric intensive care group bronchiolitis recommendations on diagnostic testing, antibiotic therapy and patient prognosis.Archives de Pédiatrie (Société française de pédiatrie) – study of GFRUP guidelines, 2026Guideline or evidence
- Guidelines for the use of lung ultrasound to optimise the management of neonatal respiratory distress: international expert consensus.BMC Medicine (international expert Delphi panel), 2025Guideline or evidence
- Bronchiolitis in children: diagnosis and management (NICE guideline NG9)NICE, 2021Guideline or evidence
- Guideline on management of pneumonia and diarrhoea in children up to 10 years of ageWorld Health Organization, 2024Guideline or evidence
- Executive Summary of the Second International Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (PALICC-2).Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC-2), 2023Guideline or evidence
- Combination of ipratropium bromide and salbutamol in children and adolescents with asthma: A meta-analysis.PLoS One, 2021Guideline or evidence
- Risk Factors for Poor Outcomes in Children Hospitalized With Virus-associated Acute Lower Respiratory Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 2024Guideline or evidence
- Does intravenous sildenafil clinically ameliorate pulmonary hypertension during perioperative management of congenital heart diseases in children? - a prospective randomized study.Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia, 2015Guideline or evidence
- Turkish Neonatal Society guideline on the management of respiratory distress syndrome and surfactant treatment.Turkish Neonatal Society, 2018Guideline or evidence
- Association between early bronchiolitis and the development of childhood asthma: a meta-analysis.BMJ Open, 2021Guideline or evidence
- Management of severe asthma exacerbation: guidelines from the Société Française de Médecine d'Urgence, the Société de Réanimation de Langue Française and the French Group for Pediatric Intensive Care and Emergencies.SFMU/SRLF/GFRUP (French societies), 2019Guideline or evidence
- Clinical guidelines on pediatric asthma exacerbation in emergency department, a narrative review.European Journal of Translational Myology, 2020Guideline or evidence
- Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema as a complication of asthma in children: case report and literature review.Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease, 2016Guideline or evidence
- Management of asthma exacerbations in the paediatric population: a systematic review.European Respiratory Review (European Respiratory Society), 2021Guideline or evidence
- Expert consensus on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections in children.World Journal of Pediatrics (multidisciplinary expert consensus group), 2024Guideline or evidence
- UPDATE - 2022 Italian guidelines on the management of bronchiolitis in infants.Italian Society of Pediatrics (Italian Journal of Pediatrics), 2023Guideline or evidence
- Inter-society consensus document on treatment and prevention of bronchiolitis in newborns and infants.Italian inter-society panel (Italian Journal of Pediatrics), 2014Guideline or evidence
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of common respiratory viruses in children < 2 years with bronchiolitis in the pre-COVID-19 pandemic era.PLoS One, 2020Guideline or evidence
- Efficacy and safety of high flow nasal oxygen for children with bronchiolitis: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ Open Respiratory Research, 2021Guideline or evidence
- Trends Over Time in Use of Nonrecommended Tests and Treatments Since Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics Bronchiolitis Guideline.JAMA Network Open, 2021Guideline or evidence
- SABRE: a multicentre randomised control trial of nebulised hypertonic saline in infants hospitalised with acute bronchiolitis.Thorax (SABRE trial investigators, UK), 2014Guideline or evidence
- Oxygen saturation targets in infants with bronchiolitis (BIDS): a double-blind, randomised, equivalence trial.Lancet (BIDS trial, NIHR HTA), 2015Guideline or evidence
- Changes in the global hospitalisation burden of respiratory syncytial virus in young children during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic analysis.The Lancet Infectious Diseases (PROMISE/WHO-funded collaboration), 2024Guideline or evidence
- Comparison of Prevalence and Outcomes of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Using Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference Criteria and Berlin Definition.Frontiers in Pediatrics, 2018Guideline or evidence
- The perinatal period should be considered in neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome: comparison of the Montreux definition vs. the second pediatric acute lung injury consensus conference definition.Frontiers in Pediatrics, 2023Guideline or evidence
- Randomised controlled trial of oxygen therapy and high-flow nasal therapy in African children with pneumonia.Intensive Care Medicine (COAST trial investigators), 2021Guideline or evidence
- Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Updates in the Light of the PALICC-2 Guidelines.Turkish Archives of Pediatrics, 2025Guideline or evidence
- Surfactant therapies for pediatric and neonatal ARDS: ESPNIC expert consensus opinion for future research steps.ESPNIC, 2021Guideline or evidence
- Thrombomodulin is associated with increased mortality and organ failure in mechanically ventilated children with acute respiratory failure: biomarker analysis from a multicenter randomized controlled trial.Critical Care (BioMed Central), 2021Guideline or evidence
- Safety and efficacy of pulmonary surfactant therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 2025Guideline or evidence
- High-Frequency Oscillation vs Mechanical Ventilation for Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA Network Open, 2026Guideline or evidence
- Continuous Magnesium Sulfate Infusions for Status Asthmaticus in Children: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in Pediatrics, 2022Guideline or evidence