High-Frequency Oscillation vs Mechanical Ventilation for Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Summary

Single-centre randomised trial comparing elective high-frequency oscillatory ventilation with continued conventional mechanical ventilation in 386 preterm infants (25-34 weeks' gestation) with neonatal ARDS who had first been stabilised on CMV. The primary outcome was bronchopulmonary dysplasia using two definitions, with secondary outcomes including death, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotising enterocolitis, intraventricular haemorrhage, air leak and haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus. Elective HFOV was associated with a lower incidence of BPD, with no significant differences in the other outcomes. Of interest to PICU staff for the wider debate on HFOV versus conventional ventilation in acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure, though the population is neonatal.

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