Question of the week · PICU this week, issue 1
A 14-year-old with relapsed refractory leukaemia develops multi-organ failure requiring ventilation, vasoactive support and renal replacement therapy. The oncology and PICU teams agree the prognosis is very poor but not yet clearly hopeless, and the family wants everything reasonable to be attempted. What is the most appropriate approach?
You chose E. The best answer is C.
- AContinue full support indefinitely and review only if cardiac arrest occurs
- BWithdraw all organ support now, since multi-organ failure in refractory malignancy is uniformly fatal
- CAgree a time-limited trial of current support with explicit goals and a defined review pointBest answer
- DAsk the parents to choose between full treatment and immediate withdrawal today
- EContinue support but omit further escalation without telling the family, to avoid distress
Why
Where the outcome is genuinely uncertain, a time-limited trial offers the child a chance of surviving a potentially reversible crisis while committing both team and family to reassessment against agreed goals at a stated point. If those goals are not met, continued intensive care can then be recognised as prolonging dying rather than treating, and that judgement is made against criteria set in advance rather than in the middle of a crisis. Indefinite escalation reviewed only at cardiac arrest, and immediate withdrawal while the prognosis remains uncertain, are both poorly justified here. Offering the family a stark binary choice shifts an essentially medical judgement onto them, and covertly limiting escalation without telling them is neither honest nor defensible. This framing is discussed in the review of futile therapy protocols in BMC Palliative Care (2025), which notes that for children deteriorating acutely from trauma or malignancy the dilemma is less about stopping treatment than about not prolonging death.
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